The Palmer Report vs. Tom Kaye-
On his website, Tom Kaye presents a photo of an eroded bank at some undisclosed location at Tena Bar. Tom says that this photo shows "several continuous layers of consolidated clay" which are "natural clay", and one and the same as the "clay" layer Palmer identified as the dredging layer, during the excavation of Tena Bar in 1980. Tom says that Palmer's clay layer was not dredging spoils but the same natural clay layer(s) Tom has found in 2009. And, that Palmer was wrong in his identification(s). Tom provides no information or linkage to prove his assertion.
The Palmer Report in contrast to Kaye's analysis, Palmer's analysis is very detailed and specific. Palmer explains and defends his findings. Palmer says that he found a number of strata at Tena Bar, among those four principle strata, as follows.
Layer No.1 - Upper Active Sand Layer: This consisted of an upper sand layer six inches to eight inches thick of reworked beach sand which contained the fragments and bundles of the recovered money. This sand contained recently arrived soda pop cans and other debris which did not show severe damage or rust. This upper six to eight inches of beach sand is the active layer currently being worked by water events including the Columbia River.
Layer No.2 - Cross Bedded Coarse & Medium Sand Layer: This sand layer consisted of cross bedded course and medium sands indicating it has been worked on repeatedly over time by the river and river waves probably since 1974. 8-24” in depth. It contains older soda pop cans, rusted nails and spikes, and other rusted artifacts which are in a much more deteriorated condition in contrast to the items found in the upper active layer which is newer.
Layer No.3 - Organic Clay Lump & Coarse Sand Mixture: This layer consists of a mixture of fragments of organic clay material 1 to 5 inches in size mixed with coarse sand. It is darker in color than the layers above and below it. It measured approximately 2 feet thick near the money find site to 4 feet thick or more 25 yards south of the money site probably due to changing elevations and spreading by the Fazios in 1974. This is dredging material which shows the evidence of having been mixed and spread. This is not a combination nature produces.
Older Uniform Sands Light in Color: This layer consists of older sands which are light in color and uniform in texture and below the clay lump sand dredging layer, deposited prior to 1974. It begins below the dredging layer from approximately 4’ and below.
Discussion: Kaye describes his "several continuous layers of consolidated clay" as "natural clay". Palmer describes his layer no.3 as something completely different, namely an "organic clay lump & coarse sand mixture". Kaye's layer(s) are consolidated natural clay. Palmer's layer is an "organic clay lump & coarse sand MIXTURE". Palmer's mixture is compatible with the makeup of bottom dredging spoils which have been mechanically mixed. Kaye's layer is not compatible with the makeup of bottom dredging spoils.
Moreover, Palmer found the thickness of Layer No.3 changed and got thicker when he sampled near the Ingram money find site then went south 25 yards and sampled closer to the principle dredging deposition site pictured in the 1974 USGS photo. Palmer sampled in two locations 25 yards apart. Kaye cannot make a similar claim!
Conclusion: The clay layers Kaye found are not the Layer No.3 Palmer found.