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LoginInteresting that unalloyed Titanium was used on the JT8D jet engines that powered the 727 and many other same era jetliners. The JT8D-1 engine had 64 lbs of pure titanium in the inlet case alone.
I stand corrected on pure Titanium use.
Yttrium remains a puzzler. It is used in color CRT phosphors and also for improving grain structure in magnesium, aluminum and titanium alloys, all of which are used on aircraft.
Uses of yttrium
Yttrium and its compounds have a wide variety of uses. Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) accounts for the element’s largest use. The oxide, as well as yttrium vanadate (YVO4), is used with europium to make phosphors to create the red color in television tubes. Hundreds of thousands of pounds of yttrium oxide are used this way. It is also used to produce yttrium iron garnets, which are very effective microwave filters.
Yttrium iron, aluminum and gadolinium garnets, with formulas such as Y3Fe5O12 and Y3Al5O12, have useful magnetic properties. Yttrium iron garnet is exceptionally efficient as both a transmitter and transducer of acoustic energy. Yttrium aluminum garnet, with a hardness of 8.5, is sometimes used as a gemstone (substitute diamond).
Small amounts of yttrium (0.1 to 0.2 percent) can be used to reduce the grain size in chromium, molybdenum, zirconium and
titanium, and to increase strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys. Alloys with other useful properties can be obtained by using yttrium as an additive. The metal can be used as a deoxidizer for vanadium and other nonferrous metals. It has a low cross section for nuclear capture. It has been considered for use as a nodulizer for producing nodular cast iron.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions. It also has potential use in ceramic and glass formulas because as the oxide has a high melting point and imparts glass with shock resistance and low expansion characteristics.
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