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Each hydraulic system has two pumps and two switches that can be turned on and off. the reason being is to shut the electric pumps off when they are not needed to extend the pumps life. switching one pump off might shutdown something else, I'm not sure..

The switches are on the engineers lower panel and are usually off when you start the APU..

Is the APU operating during normal flight conditions on these early 727s?  The onboard APUs were just coming into use when the Cooper aircraft was built in the mid-1960s and it seems to have had one since there is nothing to indicate that a ground APU was utilized during the time at SEATAC.

It's for ground use only. one of the first things done in starting the aircraft giving power to the cockpit controls.

Some APUs on relatively modern aircraft can be used in flight although I don't know if they are routinely on all the time.

Were oscillations or pressure bumps reported in any of the copycat hijackings? If not, what would explain the difference between them and the Cooper caper?

I believe most are documented in court recordings. most, if not all the copycats were seen on exit. I believe the pilots in the McCoy hijacking knew when he jumped. they made statements of howling, if not mistaken.

Something mentioned in the McNally hijacking..

"the pilots felt a sudden change in cabin pressure when the rear door of the aircraft was opened. In the cockpit, the remaining crew felt their ears pop as the cabin pressure fluctuated."

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Were oscillations or pressure bumps reported in any of the copycat hijackings? If not, what would explain the difference between them and the Cooper caper?

Dont know but no other hijacking required a parsing of events to know when and where those hijackers jumped because for one thing conditions were different.

FlyJack has posted (#63736) information related to the above on DropZone today.  One of the items appears to be an extract from a newspaper article and the other item is identified as FBI p#23113.  Both items state that the copycat hijackings experienced the same oscillations and pressure bumps as the Cooper hijacking.

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Were oscillations or pressure bumps reported in any of the copycat hijackings? If not, what would explain the difference between them and the Cooper caper?

Dont know but no other hijacking required a parsing of events to know when and where those hijackers jumped because for one thing conditions were different.

FlyJack has posted (#63736) information related to the above on DropZone today.  One of the items appears to be an extract from a newspaper article and the other item is identified as FBI p#23113.  Both items state that the copycat hijackings experienced the same oscillations and pressure bumps as the Cooper hijacking.

But you missed FJ's point - the good part - according to FJ !

"The sled test showed that the oscillations/fluctuations INCREASED AFTER the weight left the stairs NOT BEFORE." 

FJ is saying the sled test proves Cooper jumped before any oscillations ending in a bump! Cooper's jump (his weight leaving the stairs) is what started the oscillations ending in a bump/pressure spike.

FJ has reversed the order of things happening. FJ's conclusion is: The sled test proves when Cooper jumped. Not after oscillations or the bump, but BEFORE .... because according to FJ, the stairs cannot oscillate until weight has been on them then released! The stairs cannot oscillate in the slipstream alone. Weight must be on the stairs first, then that weight released is what starts the stairs oscillating culminating in a BUMP!!!  FJ has reverse the order of things happening which he says the sled test proves. Only FJ has the sled test interpreted correctly. He cites an FBI doc and Rataczak as proof, he says. 

FJ claims his citations prove this.

[Cooper jumps ... oscillations .... bump]   (pattern showed by the sled test according to FJ)     vs.    [oscillations.... bump .... bump simultaneous with jump] .

FJ places Cooper's jump at near Orchards .... before oscillations/bump even happened. He says Rataczak agrees. (citation FJ posts).   

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Good to know. Thanks, FJ and R99.

Know what !? Do you applaud everything/anything without knowing what you're applauding ?   Do you even know what FJ is saying? Read his post again!

Georger, in reply to your two posts above, you need to read what Bruce and I said again and pay attention to what was said and not said.  Neither Bruce nor I said anything about when the oscillations occurred.

But I believe the pilots said somewhere along the line that they could feel the stairs oscillating and radioed that they thought Cooper was getting ready to jump.  That is, they didn't mention anything about oscillations after they thought that Cooper had jumped and the stairs had slammed back up.

For the record, after Cooper jumped and the stairs slammed back up, there would be very minor oscillations and they would not last more than a few seconds.

Also, it is plainly obvious that Cooper tossed a number of things that he no longer needed by stepping on the stairs enough to provide an opening so that they could exit the aircraft.   

So what physics would explain the oscillations culminating in a bump? It certainly seems more logical the other way around.

Stop the eronious bullshit - FLYJACK! It is impossible to lie about what you have said, when you haven't even said it YET! Your protestations are BS.

No.2:  FJ has posted a clipping which he says supports his interpretation. His clips do not support what he's claiming. FJ is taking the Rataczak comment out of context. Just more game playing by the gamer, FLY JACK.

No.3:  There are other FBI docs which detail the TAG team flight test. See attached. These docs are very clear as they relate to the behavior of the stairs in the TAG team test: see docs below. One comment reads:

        "It is apparent therefore, that the configuration requested by UNSUB is not the same as used in the Boeing air stair testing."

FLY JACK is telling you the configuration and the results were IDENTICAL to what was experienced during the hijacking!  FJ posts Rataczack's comment clipping out of context as proof! FJ's use of Rat's comment is a gross misrepresentation taken completely out of context!

The Boeing test could not duplicate the conditions experienced during the hijacking completely,  as a simple fact of reality. FJ claims they did! Moreover, FJ is now claiming the Boeing test revealed oscillations can only happen AFTER weight is taken off the the stair NOT BEFORE! No Boeing or FBI document says that!     

No.4: The Boeing test made no attempt to duplicate the actual timing of events as they occurred during the hijacking because (a) that timing is not precisely known, and (b) nobody knows the actual series of events involving Cooper and the stairs prior to Cooper jumping. Fly Jack's scenario assumed that he alone knows what Cooper did and did not do and the timing of those events - because FJ was there? FJ's assertion is ridiculous on its face.   

No.5: All we know is that at 19:42 the cockpit radioed:  'Seattle he is already trying to get the stairs down'. At 19:45 'we have aft stair light'. At 20:12 we have "Flt 305 advises they are getting some oscillations in the cabin, Cooper must be doing something with the stairs."  No 'bump' is ever reported to Flt Ops.

From the Boeing Test we know oscillations and a bump (pressure spike) were experienced, the pressure spike followed the oscillations, but further details have never been given so far as I know ? That's a question.   If anyone has a document(s) which details the order of events experienced during the Boeing test - please post it.